Modified model incorporating sarcopenia and myosteatosis for predicting severe hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: Multicenter study

Figure 1 A visually intuitive nomogram model was constructed based on three significant independent variables: Freiburg index of post-transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt survival score, sarcopenia, and myosteatosis. Each variable was assigned a corresponding score. The total score was calculated by summing these values to predict the risk of post-transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) severe hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis. The nomogram is based on the following log-hazard equation: Log-hazard = (β1 × Freiburg index of post-TIPS survival score) + (β2 × sarcopenia) + (β3 × myosteatosis), where β1 = 0.598, β2 = 0.965, and β3 = 0.659. In addition, the baseline hazard function h0 (t) = 0.177, where t = 12. For example, a patient without sarcopenia and myosteatosis, with a Freiburg index of post-TIPS survival score of -2.5, would have a total score of 53 + 53 + 39 = 145. This corresponds to a 2.94% risk of developing severe hepatic encephalopathy at 3 months post-TIPS, a 3.49% risk at 6 months, and a 4.29% risk at 1 year. FIPS: Freiburg index of post-transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt survival.