Gastric cancer-derived exosomal indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase 1 drives immunosuppression in gastric cancer by suppressing dendritic cell maturation

Figure 1 Upregulation of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase 1 was negatively correlated with the infiltration of cluster of differentiation 11c⁺ dendritic cells in gastric cancer. A: GEPIA database (http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn/) showed upregulation of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) in stomach adenocarcinoma; B-D: Western blot analysis (B and C) and immunohistochemical staining (D) were conducted to assess of IDO1 protein levels in tumor and adjacent tissue specimens from gastric cancer patients (n = 35 per group); E and F: IDO1 protein expression in gastric cancer cell lines was examined using Western blot analysis; G: Immunofluorescence analysis of IDO1 and cluster of differentiation 11c protein levels in tumor specimens; H: Upregulation of IDO1 was negatively correlated with the infiltration of cluster of differentiation 11c⁺ dendritic cells in gastric cancer. Data were presented as mean ± SD. ^aP < 0.01. CD: Cluster of differentiation; DAPI: 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; GAPDH: Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; IDO1: Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase 1; STAD: Stomach adenocarcinoma.