Three-dimensional psoas muscle volume and longitudinal changes as predictors of outcomes in older patients with advanced pancreatic cancer

Figure 4 Association between skeletal muscle volume dynamics and long-term prognosis. A: Longitudinal changes in the number of sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic patients according to the psoas volume index before and two months after initiation of gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel chemotherapy. Colored boxes represent the patient groups; specifically, red, green, and blue boxes indicate patients who were non-sarcopenic at two months (including the non-sarcopenia maintenance and sarcopenia improvement groups), the sarcopenia progression group, and the sarcopenia maintenance group, respectively; B: Kaplan-Meier curves for overall survival (OS) according to sarcopenia dynamics. The OS of the non-sarcopenia-maintenance group (orange line) was significantly longer than those of the sarcopenia-progression group (green line) and the sarcopenia-maintenance group (blue line) (P < 0.001, log-rank test). The median OS in the non-sarcopenia-maintenance, sarcopenia-progression, and sarcopenia-maintenance groups were 615, 205, and 185 days, respectively.