Three-dimensional psoas muscle volume and longitudinal changes as predictors of outcomes in older patients with advanced pancreatic cancer

Table 3 Univariate analyses of the clinical factors for time to treatment failure in enrolled patients

Variables	Univariate analysis
	HR	95%CI	P value
Age ≥ 75 years	1.41	0.95-2.10	0.083
Female sex	0.73	0.50-1.08	0.120
BMI < 22.0 kg/m2	0.78	0.52-1.19	0.257
ECOS PS ≥ 2	0.94	0.51-1.72	0.834
Tumor size ≥ 30 mm	1.40	0.92-2.13	0.112
Head in location of tumor	1.49	1.02-2.21	0.040
Metastasis in clinical stage	1.62	1.17-2.25	< 0.001
Leukocyte ≥ 6.0 × 103/μL	1.27	0.87-1.86	0.221
Neutrophil ≥ 4.0 × 103/μL	1.46	0.99-2.15	0.053
Lymphocyte ≥ 1.5 × 103/μL	0.87	0.59-1.28	0.482
Platelet ≥ 20.0 × 104/μL	1.13	0.77-1.67	0.535
Albumin < 3.5 g/dL	0.74	0.49-1.12	0.150
CRP ≥ 1 mg/dL	1.75	1.16-2.64	0.008
CA19-9 ≥ 600 U/mL	1.85	1.25-2.76	0.002
Total cholesterol < 150 mg/dL	0.75	0.50-1.14	0.174
Cholinesterase < 250 IU/L	0.60	0.41-0.89	0.011
NLR ≥ 2.5	1.59	1.08-2.34	0.018
m-GPS ≥ 1	1.80	1.21-2.66	0.003
PNI < 45	0.60	0.40-0.89	0.011
Sarcopenia	5.58	3.55-8.78	< 0.001

BMI: Body mass index; ECOG PS: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status; CRP: C-reactive protein; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; m-GPS: Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score; PNI: Prognostic nutritional index; HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval.