Differential metabolites facilitate metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease malignancy via immune evasion and M2-polarized macrophages

doi:10.3748/wjg.117849

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastroenterol. Jun 28, 2026; 32(24): 117849
Published online Jun 28, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.117849

Table 2 Dynamic transcription of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease-related genes (mRNAs), mean ± SD

Gene	n	NC	MAFLD	MASH	LC	HCC
BAX (× 10⁴)	6	0.64 ± 0.91	0.66 ± 0.09	1.86 ± 0.39^b	1.93 ± 0.73^b	1.56 ± 0.16^b
CCND1 (× 10⁴)	6	1.64 ± 0.88	2.54 ± 1.35	6.44 ± 2.04^c	4.61 ± 1.04^b	4.88 ± 1.90^b
CDK1 (× 10³)	6	1.22 ± 0.59	1.46 ± 0.92	7.75 ± 2.48^c	7.32 ± 1.38^c	8.01 ± 2.48^c
CPT-II (× 10⁴)	6	5.41 ± 0.88	4.48 ± 0.31	4.02 ± 0.29^a	3.85 ± 0.43^a	3.66 ± 0.30^a
CYP1A1 (× 10⁴)	6	0.11 ± 0.05	0.08 ± 0.08	4.95 ± 3.79^b	3.84 ± 2.18^b	1.54 ± 0.32^a
CYP51 (× 10⁴)	6	4.90 ± 0.69	0.44 ± 0.13c	0.72 ± 0.30^c	1.14 ± 0.38^c	0.72 ± 0.18^c
EGR1 (× 10⁴)	6	1.64 ± 0.46	1.98 ± 0.40	1.74 ± 0.48	1.02 ± 0.10	0.94 ± 0.25
GAL3ST1 (× 10³)	6	0.73 ± 0.23	0.86 ± 0.22	1.10 ± 0.20	0.89 ± 0.19	1.57 ± 0.50^a
HEXB-β (× 10⁴)	6	1.90 ± 0.54	2.61 ± 0.68	2.32 ± 0.40	2.88 ± 0.88^a	3.27 ± 0.33^b
HOXD3 (× 10²)	6	8.21 ± 1.33	9.20 ± 2.17	8.16 ± 1.99	4.91 ± 0.62^a	4.75 ± 1.22^a
HSD17B7 (× 10³)	6	5.18 ± 1.38	1.14 ± 0.18^c	2.33 ± 0.47^c	2.35 ± 0.46^c	1.98 ± 0.77^c
LDHB (× 10³)	6	2.12 ± 1.16	2.01 ± 0.48	3.46 ± 1.54^a	3.57 ± 1.27^a	5.67 ± 3.31^c
MTHFR (× 10³)	6	2.20 ± 0.43	1.87 ± 0.50	1.45 ± 0.33	1.18 ± 0.34^a	1.43 ± 0.32^a
PPARγ (× 10³)	6	0.19 ± 0.69	3.34 ± 0.67^c	2.68 ± 0.74^c	3.05 ± 0.72^c	2.67 ± 0.97^c
PTDSS1 (× 10⁴)	6	2.26 ± 0.20	2.00 ± 0.17	1.86 ± 0.14^a	1.88 ± 0.11^a	1.90 ± 0.24^a
SAT2 (× 10⁴)	6	1.23 ± 0.22	1.48 ± 0.26	0.97 ± 0.22	0.69 ± 0.14^a	0.48 ± 0.08^a
SCD1 (× 10⁴)	6	3.17 ± 1.98	1.33 ± 0.88^a	0.26 ± 0.10^c	0.47 ± 0.22^c	0.87 ± 0.83^c
ST3GAL5 (× 10⁴)	6	0.65 ± 0.08	0.56 ± 0.06	0.73 ± 0.18	0.90 ± 0.22	1.31 ± 0.73^a
TYMP (× 10⁴)	6	3.59 ± 1.45	4.54 ± 1.18^a	3.19 ± 0.64	1.90 ± 0.33^c	1.63 ± 0.65^c

^aP < 0.05 vs normal control group.

^bP < 0.01 vs normal control group.

^cP < 0.001 vs normal control group.

NC: Normal control; MAFLD: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease; MASH: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis; LC: Liver cirrhosis; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.

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Citation: Yang J, Sai WL, Xia XX, Tang H, Xu M, Xie Q, Yao DF, Yao M. Differential metabolites facilitate metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease malignancy via immune evasion and M2-polarized macrophages. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(24): 117849
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v32/i24/117849.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.117849

Yang J, Sai WL, Xia XX, Tang H, Xu M, Xie Q, Yao DF, Yao M. Differential metabolites facilitate metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease malignancy via immune evasion and M2-polarized macrophages. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(24): 117849 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.117849]

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