Endoscopic treatment of small bowel hemangiomas via double-balloon enteroscopy: A single-center comparative study

Table 4 Comparison of recurrent bleeding and non-recurrent bleeding, mean ± SD/n (%)

		Non-recurring bleeding (n = 62)	Recurring bleeding (n = 13)	P value
Age		43.79 ± 19.79	38.92 ± 20.73	0.426
BMI		21.24 ± 3.17	21.64 ± 4.17	0.698
Sex	Male	19 (30.65)	8 (61.54)	0.055
	Female	43 (69.35)	5 (38.46)
History of blood transfusion		23 (37.10)	5 (38.46)	1.000
NSAID		1 (1.61)	0 (0.00)	1.000
Hypertension		11 (17.74)	3 (23.08)	0.699
Diabetes		3 (4.84)	0 (0.00)	1.000
Family history of hemangioma		0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)	NA
Hepatitis		5 (8.06)	1 (7.69)	1.000
History of surgery and trauma		28 (45.16)	7 (53.85)	0.761
History of radiotherapy and chemotherapy		2 (3.23)	1 (7.69)	0.440
Abnormal coagulation		13 (20.97)	3 (23.08)	0.741
Albumin, g/L		39.34 ± 3.40	37.85 ± 4.76	0.181
Hemoglobin, g/L		85.55 ± 20.69	91.23 ± 23.73	0.333
Thalidomide		11 (19.64)	0 (0.00)	0.580
Method of DBE insertion	Oral	37 (62.71)	6 (66.67)	0.819
	Anal	22 (37.29)	3 (33.33)
Active bleeding		15 (26.79)	1 (16.67)	0.590
Length of operation, minutes		79.14 ± 27.69	90.63 ± 28.59	0.277
Treatment methods	Conservative treatment	6 (9.68)	7 (53.85)	0.003
	Lauromacrogol injection	18 (29.03)	2 (15.38)
	Argon plasma coagulation therapy	21 (33.87)	1 (7.69)
	Ligation therapy	15 (24.19)	3 (23.08)
	Clip therapy	2 (3.23)	0 (0.00)
Blood transfusion volume, mL		234.82 ± 452.56	133.33 ± 326.60	0.596
Lesion size, cm		0.92 ± 0.58	1.41 ± 0.68	0.025
Number of lesions		2.83 ± 2.47	7.91 ± 7.63	< 0.001
Location of lesions	Duodenum	2 (3.23)	2 (15.38)	0.208
	Upper jejunum	14 (22.58)	4 (30.77)
	Lower jejunum	8 (12.90)	2 (15.38)
	Upper ileum	21 (33.87)	1 (7.69)
	Lower ileum	17 (27.42)	4 (30.77)

BMI: Body mass index; NSAID: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; DBE: Double-balloon endoscopy; NA: Not available.