Midlife intervention of Dendrobium officinale extract modulates gut microbiota to activate InR-Nrf2 axis, promoting intestinal health and longevity

Figure 5 Dendrobium officinale extract activates the skn-1/Nrf2 and Keap1-Nrf2-antioxidant response element signaling pathways to resist oxidative stress. A: Enzyme activity of catalase (CAT) in nematodes (n = 3); B: Enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in nematodes (n = 3); C: Enzyme activity of malondialdehyde (MDA) in nematodes (n = 3); D: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in nematodes (n = 3); E: Activity of CAT in flies (n = 3); F: Activity of SOD in flies (n = 3); G: Activity of MDA in flies (n = 3); H: ROS level in flies (n = 3); I: Representative image and quantitative analysis of fluorescence intensity of CL2166 (n = 3); J: Representative graph of LD1 fluorescence intensity and analysis of cell total correlates fluorescence (n = 3); K: Expression of antioxidant genes in nematodes (n = 3); L: Expression of antioxidant genes in female flies (n = 3); M: Expression of antioxidant genes in male flies (n = 3). The data are expressed as the mean ± SD. Data were analyzed by Student’s t-test (two groups) or one/two-way analysis of variance with post-hoc test (multiple comparisons). ^aP < 0.05 vs control group. ^bP < 0.01 vs control group. ^cP < 0.001 vs control group. ^dP < 0.0001 vs control group. DOE: Dendrobium officinale extract; CAT: Catalase; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; MDA: Malondialdehyde; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; mRNA: Messenger RNA; CuZn: Copper zinc; Mn: Manganese; MTH: Methuselah; GclC: Glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit.