Sex-specific differences in the efficacy and prognosis of 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy for ulcerative colitis: A 20-year retrospective cohort study

doi:10.3748/wjg.v32.i22.118036

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Retrospective Cohort Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastroenterol. Jun 14, 2026; 32(22): 118036
Published online Jun 14, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i22.118036

Table 2 Comparison of 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy outcomes between the female and male cohorts after 1:1 propensity score matching, n (%)

	Female cohort (n = 177)	Male cohort (n = 177)	aOR	95%CI	P value
Frequency of UC flare-ups per year
≤ 2	145 (81.9)	110 (62.1)	2.78	1.69-4.55	< 0.001
> 2	32 (18.1)	67 (37.9)	2.78	1.69-4.55	< 0.001
EMR (n = 173)	83 (46.9)	90 (50.8)	1.17	0.77-1.78	0.46
EMH (n = 72)	45 (25.4)	29 (16.4)	0.58	0.34-0.97	0.04
Serious complications (n = 60)	25 (14.1)	35 (19.8)	1.5	0.85-2.63	0.16
Colectomy (n = 59)	22 (12.4)	37 (20.9)	1.86	1.05-3.31	0.03
Malignancies¹ (n = 23)	9 (5.1)	14 (7.9)	1.6	0.68-3.81	0.29

¹Colorectal cancers and extra-colorectal malignancies.

UC: Ulcerative colitis; aOR: Adjusted odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; EMR: Endoscopic mucosal remission; EMH: Endoscopic mucosal healing.

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Citation: Liu ZS, Tang H, Zhang HM, Bai XY, Yang H, Li XF, Qian JM. Sex-specific differences in the efficacy and prognosis of 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy for ulcerative colitis: A 20-year retrospective cohort study. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(22): 118036
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v32/i22/118036.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v32.i22.118036

Liu ZS, Tang H, Zhang HM, Bai XY, Yang H, Li XF, Qian JM. Sex-specific differences in the efficacy and prognosis of 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy for ulcerative colitis: A 20-year retrospective cohort study. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(22): 118036 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i22.118036]

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