Recurrence patterns and outcomes of symptomatic gallstone disease in the elderly

Table 4 Recurrence-free survival at 3 months (S3), 6 months (S3), and 12 months (S12) according to demographic and clinical variables in patients aged 80 years and older

Variables	n (%)	S3	S6	S12	P value	Unadjusted hazard ratio	95%CI
All patients	1087 (100)	0.84	0.77	0.69
Type of gallstone disease					0.004
Acute cholangitis	190 (17.5)	0.90	0.84	0.79		1.00
Acute pancreatitis	252 (23.2)	0.81	0.75	0.68		1.66	1.16-2.37
Acute cholecystitis	368 (33.9)	0.81	0.73	0.63		1.82	1.30-2.55
Symptomatic choledocholithiasis	94 (8.6)	0.89	0.85	0.78		1.08	0.65-1.80
Biliary colic	63 (5.8)	0.87	0.74	0.53		1.85	1.13-3.02
Multiple diseases	120 (11.0)	0.85	0.82	0.77		1.31	0.84-2.03
Age					0.890
80-85 years	405 (37.3)	0.83	0.76	0.69		1.00
85-90 years	397 (36.5)	0.85	0.79	0.70		0.98	0.78-1.25
90-95 years	222 (20.4)	0.84	0.77	0.68		0.96	0.72-1.30
> 95 years	63 (5.8)	0.85	0.76	0.69		1.16	0.75-1.79
Gender					0.853
Female	634 (58.3)	0.84	0.78	0.71		1.00
Male	453 (41.7)	0.84	0.76	0.67		1.02	0.83-1.26
Charlson Comorbidity Index					0.144
Low (0-1)	470 (43.2)	0.85	0.79	0.71		1.00
Medium comorbidity (2)	246 (22.6)	0.82	0.72	0.62		1.27	0.98-1.65
High comorbidity (3)	371 (34.1)	0.84	0.78	0.71		0.99	0.78-1.27
Acute renal dysfunction					0.332
No	974 (89.6)	0.83	0.77	0.69		1.00
Yes	113 (10.4)	0.90	0.82	0.71		0.83	0.58-1.21
Acute respiratory dysfunction					0.749
No	1066 (98.1)	0.84	0.77	0.61		1.00
Yes	21 (1.9)	0.89	0.84	0.77		0.88	0.39-1.96
Acute cardiovascular dysfunction					0.387
No	1053 (96.9)	0.84	0.77	0.69		1
Yes	34 (3.1)	0.85	0.81	0.81		0.75	0.39-1.45
Cholelithiasis					0.560
No multiple cholelithiasis	555 (51.1)	0.85	0.79	0.71		1
Multiple cholelithiasis	532 (48.9)	0.83	0.76	0.68		1.06	0.86-1.31
Biliary tract dilation					< 0.001
Not dilatated	641 (59.0)	0.81	0.73	0.63		1.00
Dilated	444 (41.0)	0.89	0.83	0.78		0.65	0.52-0.81
Duodenal diverticula					0.143
No	636 (85.1)	0.83	0.76	0.68		1.00
Yes	111 (14.9)	0.91	0.84	0.78		0.76	9.53-1.10
Pancreas divisum					0.650
No	731 (98.1)	0.84	0.77	0.69		1.00
Yes	14 (1.9)	1.00	0.91	0.68		1.21	0.54-2.70
Sphincterotomy					< 0.001
No	765 (70.4)	0.81	0.73	0.63		1.00
Yes	322 (29.6)	0.92	0.86	0.83		0.44	0.33-0.58
Cholecystostomy					0.228
No	942 (86.7)	0.84	0.78	0.70		1.00
Yes	144 (13.3)	0.83	0.73	0.64		1.20	0.89-1.62
Ursodeoxycholic acid at discharge					0.072
No	1026 (94.4)	0.84	0.77	0.69		1.00
Yes	61 (5.6)	0.92	0.84	0.79		0.61	0.36-1.04