Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026.
World J Gastroenterol. Jun 7, 2026; 32(21): 117828
Published online Jun 7, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i21.117828
Published online Jun 7, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i21.117828
Figure 2 Diagnostic algorithm for the evaluation of indeterminate biliary strictures.
Schematic diagnostic algorithm for indeterminate biliary strictures showing the role of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography brush cytology, refinements, biopsy, and molecular diagnostics, culminating in a multimodal strategy to improve outcomes (in cases in which endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with brush cytology is not diagnostic, spyglass cholangioscopy is recommended). CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; MRCP: Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; ROSE: Rapid on-site evaluation; FISH: Fluorescence in situ hybridization; NGS: Next-generation sequencing; miRNA: MicroRNA.
- Citation: Kordeni K, Vezakis A, Voulgaris T, Sotirianakou A, Politi E, Gazouli M. Methods improving endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography brush cytology in malignant biliary strictures. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(21): 117828
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v32/i21/117828.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v32.i21.117828