Artificial intelligence-assisted endoscopists improve the detection rate of high-risk gastric lesions: A propensity score-matched retrospective study

doi:10.3748/wjg.v32.i21.117299

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastroenterol. Jun 7, 2026; 32(21): 117299
Published online Jun 7, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i21.117299

Table 1 Baseline characteristics and diagnostic outcomes of patients before and after propensity score matching, n (%)

Variable	All patients			P value²	SMD	Propensity score-matched patients			P value²	SMD
Variable	Overall (n = 40474)¹	Non-AI group (n = 29942)	AI group (n = 10532)	P value²	SMD	Overall (n = 15528)¹	Non-AI group (n = 7764)	AI group (n = 7764)	P value²	SMD
Gender				0.046	0.023	-			0.987	< 0.001
Male	19519 (48.23)	14528 (48.52)	4991 (47.39)			7481 (48.18)	3741 (48.18)	3740 (48.17)
Female	20955 (51.77)	15414 (51.48)	5541 (52.61)			8047 (51.82)	4023 (51.82)	4024 (51.83)
Age	54 (44, 61)	54 (45, 61)	53(43, 60)	< 0.001	0.012	53 (43, 61)	53 (43, 61)	53 (43, 60)	0.006	0.054
Biopsy number	2 (1, 2)	2 (1, 2)	2 (1, 2)	< 0.001	0.028	2 (1, 2)	2 (1, 2)	2 (1, 2)	< 0.001	0.082
Anesthesia assistance				< 0.001	0.331	-			0.009	0.042
No	10874 (26.87)	9125 (30.48)	1749 (16.61)			2332 (15.02)	1224 (15.77)	1108 (14.27)
Yes	29600 (73.13)	20817 (69.52)	8783 (83.39)			13196 (84.98)	6540 (84.23)	6656 (85.73)
LGIN				0.040	0.031	-			0.014	0.040
No	40322 (99.62)	29845 (99.68)	10477 (99.48)			15455 (99.53)	7738 (99.67)	7717 (99.39)
Yes	152 (0.38)	97 (0.32)	55 (0.52)			73 (0.47)	26 (0.33)	47 (0.61)
HGIN				0.300	0.012	-			0.022	0.037
No	40408 (99.84)	29897 (99.85)	10511 (99.80)			15505 (99.85)	7758 (99.92)	7747 (99.78)
Yes	66 (0.16)	45 (0.15)	21 (0.20)			23 (0.15)	6 (0.08)	17 (0.22)
EGC				0.008	0.028	-			0.004	0.047
No	40370 (99.74)	29877 (99.78)	10493 (99.63)			15485 (99.72)	7752 (99.85)	7733 (99.60)
Yes	104 (0.26)	65 (0.22)	39 (0.37)			43 (0.28)	12 (0.15)	31 (0.40)
HrGLs				0.002	0.033	-			0.001	0.055
No	40219 (99.37)	29775 (99.44)	10444 (99.16)			15418 (99.29)	7727 (99.52)	7691 (99.06)
Yes	255 (0.63)	167 (0.56)	88 (0.84)			110 (0.71)	37 (0.48)	73 (0.94)
Endoscopist seniority				< 0.001	0.362	-			> 0.9	0
Junior (< 5 years)	6580 (16.26)	5704 (19.05)	876 (8.32)			1752 (11.28)	876 (11.28)	876 (11.28)
Medium (5-10 years)	13265 (32.78)	10135 (33.85)	3130 (29.72)			6260 (40.31)	3130 (40.31)	3130 (40.31)
Senior (> 10 years)	20629 (50.97)	14103 (47.10)	6526 (61.96)			7516 (48.40)	3758 (48.40)	3758 (48.40)

¹Median (interquartile range).

²Pearson’s χ² d test; Wilcoxon rank sum test; Fisher’s exact test.

SMD: Standardized mean difference; AI: Artificial intelligence; LGIN: Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia; HGIN: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia; EGC: Early gastric cancer; HrGLs: High-risk gastric lesions.

Full Size Table

Citation: Ying JX, Yan SY, Fu XY, Zhou YJ, Zhou JJ, Yang Y, Zhou XB, Wang ZZ, Li SW, Fang LN, Mao XL. Artificial intelligence-assisted endoscopists improve the detection rate of high-risk gastric lesions: A propensity score-matched retrospective study. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(21): 117299
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v32/i21/117299.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v32.i21.117299

Ying JX, Yan SY, Fu XY, Zhou YJ, Zhou JJ, Yang Y, Zhou XB, Wang ZZ, Li SW, Fang LN, Mao XL. Artificial intelligence-assisted endoscopists improve the detection rate of high-risk gastric lesions: A propensity score-matched retrospective study. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(21): 117299 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i21.117299]

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