First large-scale prospective evaluation of serum S100A6 as a complementary biomarker for early pancreatic cancer detection

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis for distinguishing pancreatic cancer from chronic pancreatitis and healthy controls

	Univariate binary logistic regression		Multivariate binary logistic regression
	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Age	1.00 (0.98-1.02)	0.972
Sex	0.91 (0.59-1.41)	0.677
Underlying DM	3.39 (1.93-5.98)	< 0.001	1.85 (0.94-3.63)	0.075
Smoking status
Ex-smoker vs non-smoker	0.64 (0.31-1.33)	0.232
Smoker vs non-smoker	1.01 (0.62-1.66)	0.957
Other malignancy	0.63 (0.24-1.64)	0.342
Serum markers
S100A6	1.82 (1.46-2.26)	< 0.001	1.82 (1.40-2.37)	< 0.001a
CA19-9	2.25 (1.85-2.72)	< 0.001	2.21 (1.80-2.72)	< 0.001a
CEA	6.51 (2.82-15.06)	< 0.001	1.52 (0.51-4.55)	0.454

^aP < 0.05.

CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio; DM: Diabetes mellitus; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen.