Textbook oncologic outcomes following pancreatoduodenectomy in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A high-volume center study

Table 4 Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis of textbook oncologic outcome achievement in the open pancreaticoduodenectomy cohort

Variables	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Sex (male)	1.19 (0.53-2.67)	0.667
Age (≥ 60 years)	0.70 (0.32-1.53)	0.369
BMI (kg/m2)
≥ 18.5, < 24	Reference
< 18.5	0.26 (0.06-1.20)	0.084
≥ 24	0.52 (0.20-1.34)	0.176
Diabetes	1.35 (0.44-4.10)	0.601
Cardiovascular disease	1.22 (0.49-3.07)	0.666
ASA
I	Reference
II	0.39 (0.09-1.81)	0.231
III	0.67 (0.14-3.24)	0.615
Serum albumin (≥ 37.35 g/L)	1.58 (0.70-3.57)	0.271
PLR (≥ 121.56)	2.45 (0.79-7.57)	0.121
NLR (≥ 3.76)	1.50 (0.63-3.55)	0.362
PNI (≥ 49.38)	2.40 (0.94-6.14)	0.068
CONUT score
≤ 4	Reference
≥ 5	2.24 (0.75-6.73)	0.149
SII (≥ 873.70)	1.98 (0.82-4.80)	0.131
NPS (≥ 3)	0.83 (0.38-1.81)	0.638
ALT (≥ 170.50 U/L)	0.53 (0.22-1.27)	0.154
AST (≥ 77.50 U/L)	0.42 (0.19-0.96)	0.040a	0.39 (0.16-0.92)	0.031a
ALP (≥ 410.50 U/L)	0.67 (0.28-1.57)	0.353
γ-GT (≥ 488 U/L)	1.72 (0.78-3.77)	0.177
TBIL (≥ 148.90 μmol/L)	1.38 (0.63-3.01)	0.418
DBIL (≥ 108.40 μmol/L)	1.43 (0.65-3.14)	0.369
Serum total cholesterol level (≥ 4.84 mmol/L)	0.62 (0.28-1.36)	0.230
CA19-9 (≥ 37 U/mL)	0.42 (0.18-0.97)	0.043a	0.47 (0.19-1.17)	0.104
CEA (≥ 5 ng/mL)	0.93 (0.39-2.21)	0.862
Preoperative biliary drainage	1.83 (0.81-4.12)	0.146
Tumor size (cm)	0.90 (0.60-1.33)	0.584
T stage
T1	Reference
T2	0.73 (0.31-1.77)	0.491
T3 and T4	1.66 (0.40-6.88)	0.487
N stage
N0	Reference
N1	0.51 (0.20-1.31)	0.162
N2	0.93 (0.18-4.93)	0.933
M stage
M0	Reference
M1	3.44 (0.21-56.51)	0.387
Degree of tumor differentiation
High and moderate	Reference
Low and undifferentiated	0.74 (0.32-1.71)	0.485
Clavien-Dindo classification
I	Reference
II and above	0.30 (0.13-0.69)	0.004a	0.32 (0.13-0.78)	0.012a
Length of stay (days)	0.95 (0.90-0.99)	0.028a	0.96 (0.92-1.02)	0.185

^aP < 0.05.

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI: Body mass index; PLR: Platelet to lymphocyte ratio; NLR: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; PNI: Prognostic nutritional index; CONUT: Controlling nutritional status; SII: Systemic immune inflammation index; NPS: Naples prognostic score; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; γ-GT: γ-glutamyl transferase; TBIL: Total bilirubin; DBIL: Direct bilirubin; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen.