Helicobacter pylori eradication and the prevention of peptic ulcer bleeding and cardiovascular disease progression in chronic aspirin users

Table 12 Subgroup analysis of risk factors for pub and cardiovascular disease progression in low-dose aspirin users

Subgroup	Outcome	HR	95%CI	Nominal P value	Adjusted q value
Age	Risk of PUB (≥ 65 years vs < 65 years)	2	1.4-2.9	0.002	0.003
	CV events (≥ 65 years vs < 65 years)	1.8	1.2-2.5	0.008	0.009
Sex	Risk of PUB (males vs females)	1.7	1.2-2.3	0.011	0.013
	CV events (males vs females)	1.5	1.1-2.1	0.042	0.042
Comorbidities	Risk of PUB (IHD vs no IHD)	2.8	1.6-5.1	0.004	0.005
	Treatment failure (IHD vs no IHD)	2.4	1.3-4.3	0.006	0.007
Diabetes status	Risk of PUB (DM vs no DM)	1.4	0.9-2.1	0.12	0.12
	CV event (DM vs no DM)	1.7	1.1-2.5	0.015	0.018
Eradication status	PUB risk (persistent vs eradicated H. pylori)	3.5	2.1-5.9	< 0.001	< 0.001
	CV events (persistent vs eradicated)	3.2	2.0-5.0	< 0.001	< 0.001
Adherence levels	PUB risk (low vs high adherence)	2.6	1.5-4.5	0.003	0.004
	Treatment failure (low vs high adherence)	3.1	1.8-5.4	< 0.001	< 0.001
Biochemical markers	PUB risk (hypoalbuminemia vs normal albumin)	2.5	1.4-4.2	0.005	0.006
	CV events (high urea vs normal)	1.9	1.2-3.1	0.02	0.022

P values were adjusted using the Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate procedure. q < 0.05 indicates statistical significance after correction. DM: Diabetes mellitus; H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; HR: Hazard ratio; IHD: Ischemic heart disease; PUB: Peptic ulcer bleeding; CV: Cardiovascular; CI: Confidence interval.