Niu Huang mitigates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by modulating farnesoid X receptor activation and the complement 3/NLRP3 signaling pathway

Figure 5 Proteomics analysis in colonic tissues. A: Heatmap of the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) (n = 3 in each group); B: Common proteins observed in the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) vs control and Niu Huang vs DSS groups; C: The Gene Ontology enrichment analysis of DEPs; D: The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways analysis of DEPs; E: Interactions network among the top 20 pathways; F: Gene set enrichment analysis showed that proteins associated with the chemokine signaling pathway, complement and coagulation cascades, nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway, tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, and toll-like receptor signaling pathway were upregulated in the DSS group compared with those in the control group; G: Gene set enrichment analysis showed that proteins associated with the chemokine signaling pathway, complement and coagulation cascades, nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway, tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway and toll-like receptor signaling pathway were downregulated in the Niu Huang group compared with those in the DSS group. DSS: Dextran sulfate sodium; NH: Niu Huang.