Effectiveness of ustekinumab in postoperative Crohn's disease management: Evidence from a Chinese multicenter cohort

Table 2 Efficacy outcomes before and after ustekinumab treatment (n = 71)

Parameter	First-line group (n = 45)		Second-line group (n = 26)		P value4
	Before UST	After UST	Before UST	After UST
Clinical outcomes
HBI score	5.6 ± 3.0	1.8 ± 1.5	5.2 ± 2.5	2.8 ± 2.0	0.019
P value1		< 0.001		< 0.001
Active disease2	32 (71.1)	2 (4.4)	19 (73.1)	4 (15.4)	0.110
P value1		< 0.001		< 0.001
Endoscopic outcomes
Rutgeerts score	2.7 ± 1.1	0.9 ± 1.1	2.7 ± 1.0	1.4 ± 1.1	0.039
P value1		< 0.001		< 0.001
Endoscopic improvement3	N/A	39 (86.7)	N/A	19 (73.1)	0.154
Endoscopic remission (< i2)	N/A	35 (77.8)	N/A	15 (57.7)	0.074
BMI (kg/m2)	18.7 ± 2.8	20.1 ± 3.0	20.7 ± 4.2	21.8 ± 3.7	0.037
P value1		< 0.001		0.003
Laboratory parameters
CRP (mg/L)	7.1 ± 9.2	3.7 ± 3.8	7.8 ± 11.1	4.6 ± 4.0	0.378
P value1		0.008		0.152
ESR (mm/hour)	20.2 ± 16.7	12.3 ± 13.7	19.1 ± 18.1	13.3 ± 17.2	0.558
P value1		0.005		0.124
Albumin (g/L)	40.2 ± 14.7	43.7 ± 14.6	40.7 ± 4.0	41.2 ± 3.6	0.438
P value1		< 0.001		0.615
Hemoglobin (g/L)	110.5 ± 21.8	125.2 ± 21.9	119.1 ± 21.1	125.2 ± 25.8	0.734
P value1		< 0.001		0.088
Fecal occult blood positive	29 (64.4)	9 (20.0)	14 (53.8)	8 (30.8)	0.306
P value1		< 0.001		0.092

¹Paired t-test or McNemar test comparing week 24 to the baseline within each group.

²Active disease: Harvey-Bradshaw Index > 4.

³Endoscopic improvement was defined as a decrease in the Rutgeerts score of ≥ 1 point.

⁴Comparison refers to the difference between the first-line and second-line groups at week 24 (or the rate of response) using independent t-tests or χ² tests.

Data are presented as mean ± SD for continuous variables or n (%) for categorical variables. UST: Ustekinumab; HBI: Harvey-Bradshaw Index; BMI: Body mass index; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP: C-reactive protein; N/A: Not applicable.