Optimal strategies for mitigating gastrointestinal bleeding in patients receiving antiplatelet therapy: Real-world study

doi:10.3748/wjg.v32.i14.115790

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Retrospective Cohort Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastroenterol. Apr 14, 2026; 32(14): 115790
Published online Apr 14, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i14.115790

Table 1 Baseline characteristics for all antiplatelet ± anticoagulant/non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug patients across different designs, n (%)

Variables	Cohort dataset (n = 98404)	SCCS dataset (n = 1137)	Matched landmark dataset (n = 6029)
Age, median (IQR)	62 (53-70)	64 (56-71)	61 (54-69)
Sex
Male	54789 (55.7)	703 (61.8)	2934 (48.7)
Female	43615 (44.3)	434 (38.2)	3095 (51.3)
Mucosal DAs
Aspirin	90766 (92.2)	977 (85.9)	5510 (91.4)
Clopidogrel	34921 (35.5)	465 (40.9)	3316 (55)
Warfarin	6869 (7.0)	151 (13.3)	487 (8.1)
NSAIDs	3994 (4.0)	66 (5.8)	469 (7.8)
DOAC	3003 (3.1)	70 (6.2)	274 (4.5)
PAs co-administered with DAs
PPI	13337 (12.3)	476 (41.9)	1366 (22.7)
Rebamipide	5890 (54.4)	196 (17.2)	1068 (17.7)
H2RA	19919 (18.4)	594 (52.2)	1352 (22.4)
Others	3647 (34.7)	103 (9.1)

SCCS: Self-controlled case series; IQR: Interquartile range; DA: Damaging agent; NSAID: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; DOAC: Direct oral anticoagulant; PA: Protective agent; H2RA: H2-receptor antagonist; PPI: Proton pump inhibitor; Others: Agents such as sodium alginate, ecabet sodium hydrate, polaprezinc, and stillen (an ethanol extract of Artemisiae Argyi herba).

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Citation: Kim M, Chi SA, Kim JE, Kim ER, Hong SN, Kim YH, Kim K, Chang DK. Optimal strategies for mitigating gastrointestinal bleeding in patients receiving antiplatelet therapy: Real-world study. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(14): 115790
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v32/i14/115790.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v32.i14.115790

Kim M, Chi SA, Kim JE, Kim ER, Hong SN, Kim YH, Kim K, Chang DK. Optimal strategies for mitigating gastrointestinal bleeding in patients receiving antiplatelet therapy: Real-world study. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(14): 115790 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i14.115790]

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