Lean type 2 diabetes mellitus is an independent predictor of mortality in primary biliary cholangitis

Table 5 Sensitivity analysis: Impact of lean type 2 diabetes mellitus phenotype on adverse outcomes in primary biliary cholangitis patients

Variable	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)1	P value	HR (95%CI)2	P value	HR (95%CI)3	P value
Age (years)	1.028 (1.016-1.039)	< 0.001	1.022 (1.010-1.033)	< 0.001	1.022 (1.010-1.033)	< 0.001	1.017 (1.003-1.030)	0.014
Female (%)	0.942 (0.676-1.311)	0.722	0.892 (0.640-1.242)	0.498	0.892 (0.640-1.242)	0.498	0.895 (0.632-1.267)	0.532
Laboratory parameters
TBil (μmol/L)	1.003 (1.002-1.004)	< 0.001					1.002 (1.001-1.003)	< 0.001
TBA (μmol/L)	1.002 (1.002-1.003)	< 0.001					1.001 (1.000-1.002)	0.119
Albumin (g/L)	0.871 (0.855-0.887)	< 0.001					0.909 (0.888-0.931)	< 0.001
ALT (U/L)	0.998 (0.997-1.000)	0.026					0.997 (0.994-1.000)	0.043
AST (U/L)	1.001 (1.000-1.001)	0.236					1.002 (1.000-1.004)	0.023
ALP (U/L)	1.001 (1.000-1.001)	< 0.001					1.001 (1.000-1.001)	0.005
GGT (U/L)	1.000 (1.000-1.000)	0.803					1.000 (1.000-1.001)	0.217
Platelets (× 109/L)	0.993 (0.991-0.995)	< 0.001					0.996 (0.994-0.998)	< 0.001
INR	3.148 (2.581-3.840)	< 0.001					1.533 (1.109-2.119)	0.01
Immunological markers
AMA-M2 positive	1.229 (0.923-1.637)	0.158					0.749 (0.552-1.016)	0.064
Anti-sp100 positive	1.346 (0.922-1.965)	0.123					1.237 (0.932-1.642)	0.141
Anti-gp210 positive	1.535 (1.171-2.012)	0.002					1.371 (0.930-2.021)	0.111
Study groups
Non-lean non-T2DM	Reference	< 0.001	Reference	< 0.001	Reference	< 0.001	Reference	< 0.001
Lean non-T2DM	1.5553 (1.086-2.223)	0.016	1.512 (1.056-2.164)	0.024	1.512 (1.056-2.164)	0.024	0.811 (0.554-1.188)	0.283
Non-lean T2DM	2.123 (1.267-3.558)	0.004	1.801 (1.068-3.037)	0.027	1.801 (1.068-3.037)	0.027	0.912 (0.528-1.573)	0.74
Lean T2DM	4.064 (2.759-5.987)	< 0.001	3.596 (2.429-5.323)	< 0.001	3.596 (2.429-5.323)	< 0.001	1.872 (1.243-2.818)	0.003

¹Model A: Adjusted for age, sex, and the study groups.

²Model B: Adjusted for age, sex, hepatic steatosis, coronary heart disease, hypertension, and the study groups.

³Model C: Adjusted for age, sex, hepatic steatosis, coronary heart disease, hypertension, total bilirubin, total bile acids, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, platelet, international normalized ratio, anti-mitochondrial antibody-M2, anti-sp100 antibody, anti-glycoprotein 210 antibody, and the study groups.

TBil: Total bilirubin; TBA: Total bile acid; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; GGT: Gamma-glutamyltransferase; INR: International normalized ratio; AMA-M2: Anti-mitochondrial antibody M2; Anti-sp100: Anti-speckled protein 100; Anti-gp210: Anti-glycoprotein 210; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval.