Autophagy related RHEB-CSF1R complex promotes tumor metastasis via advancing phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT, mTOR in pancreatic cancer

Figure 9 Ras homolog enriched in brain-colony stimulating factor 1 receptor complex promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transformation markers expression levels by autophagy inhibition. A-C: Western blot and quantitative analyses of the autophagy biomarkers, Beclin 1, autophagy related 5, and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation biomarkers, E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin, and Ras homolog enriched in brain (RHEB) in the short hairpin negative control and the short hairpin RHEB transfected the Capan-1 and CFPAC-1 cells with chloroquine. DMSO was used as controls; D-G: Representative images and quantitative analyses of the Transwell assay in the small interfering negative control and the small interfering Ras homolog enriched in brain transfected the Capan-1 and CFPAC-1 cells with chloroquine. DMSO was used as controls. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, ^cP value < 0.001, and ^dP < 0.0001. RHEB: Ras homolog enriched in brain; shNC: Short hairpin negative control; shRHEB: Short hairpin Ras homolog enriched in brain; ATG5: Autophagy related 5; LC3: Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; GAPDH: Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; siNC: Small interfering negative control; siRHEB: Small interfering Ras homolog enriched in brain.