Explainable machine learning model integrating clinical and radiomic features for predicting acute suppurative cholecystitis

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analysis of clinical features, n (%)

Variable	ASC (n = 60)	Non-ASC (n = 90)	Univariate P value	Multivariate analysis
				P value	OR (95%CI)
Age (years), median IQR	70.5 (59.00, 81.50)	65.50 (50.00, 75.25)	0.041
Sex (male)	34 (56.7)	42 (46.7)	0.23
BMI, median IQR	24.17 (21.38, 27.13)	24.00 (21.59, 27.08)	0.844
WBC (× 109/L), median IQR	11.77 (8.31, 15.65)	9.44 (6.77, 14.19)	0.016
NE (%), median IQR	90.35 (81.33, 93.50)	80.60 (66.70, 88.75)	< 0.001	< 0.001	2.456 (1.520-3.969)
ALT (U/L), median IQR	28.00 (16.00, 60.03)	30.25 (19.48, 50.60)	0.524
STB (μmol/L), median IQR	23.00 (14.30, 37.83)	18.65 (12.70, 27.80)	0.107
UCB (μmol/L), median IQR	13.60 (9.33, 22.88)	12.60 (9.00, 19.83)	0.322
GB wall thickness (mm), median IQR	3.65 (2.70, 4.50)	3.10 (2.43, 3.85)	0.017
GB stones	41 (68.3)	55 (61.1)	0.367
Cystic duct or neck of the stones	29 (48.3)	36 (40)	0.313
Stratification of bile in the lumen	4 (6.7)	13 (14.4)	0.141
Gas within the GB lumen	4 (6.7)	0 (0.0)	0.0241
Necrosis of the GB wall, median IQR	22 (36.7)	9 (10)	< 0.001	< 0.001	5.255 (2.091-13.206)
Pericholecystic exudation or fluid	38 (63.3)	28 (31.1)	< 0.001
Time between CT and intervention (days)	0 (0-1)	0 (0-1)	0.672

¹Fisher’s exact test.

The interventions include percutaneous cholecystostomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy. OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; IQR: Interquartile range; BMI: Body mass index; NE: Neutrophil granulocytes; WBC: White blood cells; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; STB: Serum total bilirubin; GB: Gallbladder; UCB: Unconjugated bilirubin; CT: Computed tomography; ASC: Acute suppurative cholecystitis.