Impact of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease on liver metastasis and survival in pancreatic cancer

Table 2 Risk factors for liver metastasis in the study cohort

Variables	Univariate			Multivariate
	OR	95%CI	P value	OR	95%CI	P value
Age (years)	0.991	0.982-1.000	0.053
Male	1.146	0.942-1.394	0.174
Diabetes mellitus	0.819	0.673-0.996	0.046	0.421	0.233-0.758	0.004
Hypertension	1.054	0.866-1.284	0.598
Cirrhosis	0.748	0.368-1.522	0.424
Body mass index (kg/m2)	1.014	0.983-1.046	0.373
Tumor size	1.026	1.018-1.034	< 0.001	1.037	1.021-1.054	< 0.001
HSI	1.009	0.995-1.023	0.217
HSI > 30	0.969	0.762-1.232	0.798
HSI > 36	1.075	0.876-1.319	0.490
TG (mg/dL)	1.000	0.998-1.003	0.852
HDL (mg/dL)	0.986	0.974-0.999	0.029	0.983	0.966-1.001	0.059
LDL (mg/dL)	0.996	0.991-1.001	0.165
CA19-9 > 260 (U/mL)	1.935	1.582-2.367	< 0.001	1.747	1.035-2.948	0.037

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; HSI: Hepatic steatosis index; TG: Triglyceride; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; CA: Carbohydrate antigen.