Machine learning model-based prediction of postpancreatectomy acute pancreatitis following pancreaticoduodenectomy: A retrospective cohort study

Table 2 Comparison of baseline preoperative and intraoperative characteristics in relation to postpancreatectomy acute pancreatitis, n (%)

Variables	Without PPAP (n = 293)	PPAP (n = 88)	P value
Age, median (IQR), years	65(58, 70)	64 (55, 69)	0.37
Sex, male	187 (63.8)	56 (63.6)	1
BMI, mean ± SD, kg/m2	22.7 ± 3.3	23.4 ± 3.2	0.064
Diabetes mellitus	73 (24.9)	18 (20.5)	0.473
Hypertension	84 (28.7)	21 (23.9)	0.454
CAD	23 (7.9)	5 (5.7)	0.652
Alcohol consumption	49 (16.7)	17 (19.3)	0.687
Smoking	53 (18.1)	21 (23.9)	0.295
Jaundice	185 (63.1)	56 (63.6)	1
COPD (%)	11 (3.8)	2 (2.3)	0.736
ASA, III/IV	101 (34.5)	37 (42.1)	0.242
Pathology, PDAC/CP	134 (45.7)	20 (22.7)	< 0.001
MPDD, median (IQR), mm	3.1 (1.9, 5.2)	1.9 (1.3, 3.0)	< 0.001
Surgical modality, PPPD	112 (38.2)	40 (45.5)	0.276
Venous resection	62 (21.2)	21 (23.9)	0.695
Pancreatic texture, soft	124 (42.3)	63 (71.6)	< 0.001
Pancreatic duct stent, external stent	19 (6.5)	12 (13.6)	0.094
Surgery time, median (IQR), minute	360 (305, 508)	393 (314, 491)	0.3
EBL, median (IQR), mL	300 (200, 400)	400 (200, 500)	0.04

PPAP: Postpancreatectomy acute pancreatitis; IQR: Interquartile range; BMI: Body mass index; CAD: Coronary artery disease; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; PDAC: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; CP: Chronic pancreatitis; MPDD: Main pancreatic duct diameter; PPPD: Pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy; EBL: Estimated blood loss.