Diagnostic accuracy of stereomicroscopy assessment of invasion depth in ex vivo specimens of early gastric cancer

Figure 2 Workflow for preoperative assessment and postoperative management of stereomicroscopy-confirmed mucosal lesions pathologically diagnosed as mucosal. A: White light imaging of a 0-IIa + IIc lesion in the gastric antrum; B: Magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging of the lesion, demonstrating irregular microsurface and microvascular patterns; C: Post-endoscopic submucosal dissection mucosal defect with visible submucosal vasculature; D: The endoscopic submucosal dissection specimen was spread and pinned on a fixation board for formalin fixation; E: Stereomicroscopic evaluation of the specimen after 24-hour formalin fixation; F: High-magnification stereomicroscopy of the lesion surface, correlating with magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging findings in B, showing irregular microsurface and microvascular architecture; G: Basal surface of the resected specimen under stereomicroscopy; H: High-magnification stereomicroscopy of the basal surface, revealing intact and homogeneous submucosal connective tissue architecture; I: Systematic vertical sectioning of the specimen at 2- to 3-mm intervals, ensuring accurate histopathologic evaluation of margins; J: Histopathological images confirming mucosal (M) diagnosis and margin status.