Artificial intelligence in contrast enhanced ultrasound: A new era for liver lesion assessment

Table 1 Artificial intelligence terminology in contrast-enhanced ultrasound for liver lesion assessment

Term	Definition	CEUS application
CNN	Deep learning model using convolutional layers to extract image features	Lesion detection, classification, segmentation
Radiomics	Extraction of quantitative handcrafted features from medical images	Supports AI-based lesion characterization
Ultrasomics	Radiomics applied specifically to ultrasound images	CEUS feature analysis for HCC risk stratification
Transformers	AI models using self-attention to learn feature relationships	Modeling CEUS video sequences for enhancement pattern recognition

AI: Artificial intelligence; CEUS: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound; CNN: Convolutional neural network; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.