Reduced recurrence rate with a targeted approach in uncomplicated appendicitis treated with endoscopic direct vs retrograde therapy

Table 1 Patients’ characteristics at baseline, n (%)

	EDAT (n = 136)	ERAT (n = 34)	P value1
Clinical characteristics
Age, years	33.0 (19.5-46.0)	35.5 (27.0-49.0)	0.251
Sex, male	77 (56.6)	20 (58.8)	0.816
Symptoms
Vomiting/nausea	26 (19.1)	11 (32.4)	0.094
RLQ abdominal pain	119 (87.5)	26 (76.5)	0.104
Fever	21 (15.4)	6 (17.6)	0.753
Laboratory characteristics
WBC, × 109/L2	7.4 (5.9-10.8)	7.2 (5.1-9.5)	0.431
Neutrophils proportion > 75%	41 (31.8)	10 (29.4)	0.791
Serum hs-CRP3, mg/L	5.1 (0.6-28.8)	9.2 (2.2-21.4)	0.391
Imaging test
Computed tomography	115 (84.6)	32 (94.1)	0.145
Ultrasonography	125 (91.9)	32 (94.1)	0.665

¹For group comparison, a two-sample t-test was used for continuous variables, and χ² tests were used for categorical variables.

²A value between 3.5 × 10⁹/L and 9.5 × 10⁹/L was considered within the normal limit.

³A value between 0 mg/dL and 6 mg/dL was considered within the normal limit.

Continuous data are displayed as medians (interquartile ranges). Hs-CRP: High-sensitive C-reactive protein; EDAT: Endoscopic direct appendicitis therapy; ERAT: Endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy; RLQ: Right lower quadrant; WBC: White blood cell.