Serum gamma-glutamyl transferase level is associated with the risk of pancreatic cystic neoplasms: A nationwide retrospective cohort study

Table 3 Subgroup analysis

Subgroup		GGT	n	PCN	Duration, years	IR, per 1000 person-years	HR (95%CI)
							Univariate	Multivariate
Age	40-64	Q1-Q3	1608646	15427	16422259.06	0.94	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	548805	5752	5540769.65	1.04	1.108 (1.075-1.142)	1.046 (1.013-1.081)
	≥ 65	Q1-Q3	384065	5822	3561237.26	1.63	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	114149	1939	1044531.53	1.86	1.138 (1.081-1.198)	1.1 (1.044-1.16)
	P value						0.3785	0.0982
Sex	Male	Q1-Q3	992614	9438	9844762.8	0.96	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	336263	3081	3304098.27	0.93	0.975 (0.936-1.016)	1.027 (0.984-1.073)
	Female	Q1-Q3	1000097	11811	10138733.52	1.16	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	326691	4610	3281202.91	1.40	1.209 (1.168-1.251)	1.091 (1.053-1.131)
	P value						< 0.0001	0.0294
Obesity	No	Q1-Q3	1380869	14468	13822858.61	1.05	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	346198	4046	3409592.7	1.19	1.138 (1.099-1.178)	1.091 (1.052-1.131)
	Yes	Q1-Q3	611842	6781	6160637.72	1.10	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	316756	3645	3175708.48	1.15	1.044 (1.003-1.087)	1.034 (0.991-1.078)
	P value						0.0016	0.0474
Smoke	Non-ex-smoker	Q1-Q3	1615977	18150	16245614.46	1.12	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	486027	6179	4848109.02	1.27	1.143 (1.11-1.176)	1.08 (1.045-1.117)
	Current	Q1-Q3	376734	3099	3737881.86	0.83	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	176927	1512	1737192.16	0.87	1.052 (0.99-1.119)	1.035 (0.986-1.087)
	P value						0.0175	0.139
Alcohol consumption	Non	Q1-Q3	1241569	14499	12405702.8	1.17	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	315205	4482	3128550.13	1.43	1.227 (1.187-1.269)	1.066 (1.034-1.1)
	Mild	Q1-Q3	651506	5861	6579284.89	0.89	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	243625	2243	2430009.54	0.92	1.04 (0.99-1.092)	1.063 (0.998-1.133)
	Heavy	Q1-Q3	99636	889	998508.63	0.89	1 (reference)	0.9352
		Q4	104124	966	1026741.52	0.94	1.061 (0.969-1.163)	1 (reference)
	P value						< 0.0001	1.099 (1.061-1.139)
Regular exercise	No	Q1-Q3	1585255	16599	15878455.3	1.05	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	539147	6182	5350376.36	1.16	1.108 (1.076-1.141)	1.007 (0.958-1.059)
	Yes	Q1-Q3	407456	4650	4105041.02	1.13	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	123807	1509	1234924.82	1.22	1.081 (1.02-1.146)	1.04 (0.949-1.14)
	P value						0.4652	0.0129
Diabetes mellitus	No	Q1-Q3	1804256	18402	18175069.52	1.01	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	546427	6069	5462111.66	1.11	1.1 (1.068-1.132)	1.07 (1.037-1.104)
	Yes	Q1-Q3	188455	2847	1808426.8	1.57	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	116527	1622	1123189.52	1.44	0.916 (0.862-0.974)	1.048 (0.988-1.112)
	P value						< 0.0001	0.5253
Hypertension	No	Q1-Q3	1399912	13423	14178760.31	0.95	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	378046	3939	3795697.71	1.04	1.099 (1.06-1.138)	1.09 (1.057-1.124)
	Yes	Q1-Q3	592799	7826	5804736.01	1.35	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	284908	3752	2789603.47	1.34	0.998 (0.96-1.038)	0.966 (0.907-1.027)
	P value						0.0003	0.0004
Dyslipidemia	No	Q1-Q3	1621084	16422	16279851.44	1.01	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	458692	5021	4548820.32	1.10	1.098 (1.063-1.133)	1.08 (1.04-1.121)
	Yes	Q1-Q3	371627	4827	3703644.88	1.30	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	204262	2670	2036480.86	1.31	1.006 (0.96-1.055)	1.049 (1.008-1.093)
	P value						0.0027	0.2891
CKD	No	Q1-Q3	1832236	19256	18437941.67	1.04	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	605427	6939	6034294.22	1.15	1.104 (1.074-1.134)	1.082 (1.046-1.119)
	Yes	Q1-Q3	160475	1993	1545554.65	1.29	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	57527	752	551006.96	1.36	1.06 (0.975-1.153)	1.032 (0.983-1.083)
	P value						0.3681	0.1029
AST	Q1-Q3	Q1-Q3	1650419	17091	16572543.55	1.03	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	344868	3883	3457375.59	1.12	1.09 (1.052-1.128)	1.073 (1.041-1.105)
	Q4	Q1-Q3	342292	4158	3410952.77	1.22	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	318086	3808	3127925.59	1.22	1.002 (0.959-1.047)	1.006 (0.924-1.094)
	P value						0.0033	0.1532
ALT	Q1-Q3	Q1-Q3	1685780	17657	16887579.08	1.05	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	320867	3680	3178308.55	1.16	1.11 (1.072-1.15)	1.087 (1.048-1.127)
	Q4	Q1-Q3	306931	3592	3095917.24	1.16	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
		Q4	342087	4011	3406992.64	1.18	1.017 (0.973-1.064)	1.006 (0.96-1.053)
	P value						0.0028	0.0085

GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; PCN: Pancreatic cystic neoplasm; IR: Incidence rate; HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase.