Emerging role of artificial intelligence in gastroenterology and hepatology

Table 2 Use of artificial intelligence in the identification of patients with early gastric cancer

Lesions	Diagnostic or predictive modality	AI classifier	Number of images in training dataset	Number of images in test dataset	Best average results (%)		Ref.
					Accuracy	Sensitivity/specificity
EGC	Upper GI endoscopy (WL, CE, NBI)	CNN	13584 from 2639 lesions	2296 from 77 lesions	NA	92.2/NA	Hirasawa et al[27]
EGC	Upper GI endoscopy	CNN-CAD system	790 images	203 images	89.16	76.47/95.56	Zhu et al[28]
EGC	Histology	CNN	2123 whole slide images	3212 whole slide images		100/80.6	Song et al[29]

AI: Artificial intelligence; EGC: Early-stage gastric cancer; GI: Gastrointestinal; NBI: Narrow-band imaging, WL: White light; CE: Chromoendoscopy; CNN: Convolutional neural network; CAD: Computer-aided detection; NA: Not available.