Multi-model applications and cutting-edge advancements of artificial intelligence in hepatology in the era of precision medicine

Figure 1 A conceptual framework showing the interaction between artificial intelligence models and clinical workflows in hepatology. Real-time processes contents patient monitoring, early warning, and real-time clinical decision support. Offline processes include model training and validation, medical image analysis, omics data analysis, and electronic health record analysis. CT: Computerized tomography; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; EHR: Electronic health record; AI: Artificial intelligence; CNN: Convolutional neural network; ViT: Vision transformer; NLP: Natural language processing; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.