Early risk stratification of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis using 4-hour serum amylase and lipase: A prospective study

Table 2 Clinical outcomes and procedure-related adverse events, mean ± SD/n (%)

Variable	Total patients (n = 1915)
Laboratory findings at 4 hours after ERCP
AST, IU/L	154 ± 265.5
ALT, IU/L	184.1 ± 214.7
GGT, g/dL	408.2 ± 398.0
Total bilirubin, mg/dL	3.4 ± 4.7
Amylase, IU/L	131.1 ± 259.3
Lipase, IU/L	261.3 ± 894.7
Laboratory findings at 24 hours after ERCP
AST, IU/L	114.8 ± 232.2
ALT, IU/L	161.3 ± 188.4
GGT, g/dL	379.8 ± 356.2
Total bilirubin, mg/dL	2.9 ± 4.0
Amylase, IU/L	160.4 ± 296.9
Lipase, IU/L	258.7 ± 683.5
PEP	117 (6.1)
Severity of PEP
Mild	79 (67.5)
Moderately severe	31 (26.5)
Severe	7 (6.0)
Hyperamylasemia	218 (11.4)
Procedure-related adverse events
Perforation	4 (0.2)
Significant bleeding	51 (2.7)
Post-ERCP cholecystitis	21 (1.1)
Length of hospitalization, days	8.4 ± 31.6
All-cause mortality within 30 days	20 (1.9)

ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; AST: Aspartate transaminase; ALT: Alanine transaminase; GGT: Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase; PEP: Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis.