Clip-assisted endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection vs endoscopic ultrasound-guided coil and cyanoacrylate injection for gastric varices: A propensity score-matched study

Figure 1 Study design with a flow diagram. A total of 108 patients were selected for the study from among 162 consecutive patients who underwent clip-assisted endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection and endoscopic ultrasound-guided coil and cyanoacrylate injection between August 2019 and March 2023. A propensity score was used to match the two groups to reduce confounding factors such as age, sex, etiology of cirrhosis, concomitant hepatocellular carcinoma, Child-Pugh grade, presentation of active bleeding, type of gastric varices, maximum diameter of gastric fundal varices, Child-Pugh score and model for end-stage liver disease score. Clip-CYA: Clip-assisted endoscopic cyanoacrylate; EUS-CG: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided coil and cyanoacrylate; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease.