Identification of key factors and explainability analysis for surgical decision-making in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis assisted by machine learning

Figure 3 SHapley Additive exPlanations analysis for model interpretability. A: SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) summary bar chart, displaying the average SHAP values of features in descending order; B: SHAP summary dot plot, showing the direction and magnitude of each feature's influence on the model's prediction; C: SHAP waterfall chart for the 10^th hepatic alveolar echinococcosis patient, illustrating the contribution of each feature to the prediction result. SHAP: SHapley Additive exPlanations; XGBoost: EXtreme Gradient Boosting; WBC: White blood cell count; PLT: Platelet count; Hb: Hemoglobin; IBil: Indirect bilirubin; GGT: γ-glutamyl transferase; Scr: Serum creatinine; PT: Prothrombin time.