Critical flicker frequency improves after alcohol detoxification and is associated with liver stiffness

Figure 2 Critical flicker frequency in patients with and without alcohol-related liver disease and diagnostic accuracy to detect hepatic encephalopathy. A: Critical flicker frequency (CFF) in patients with alcohol-related liver disease, non-alcohol-related liver disease etiologies, and healthy volunteers (controls). The mean CFF is significantly lower in disease groups compared to controls. However, a wider spread of CFF values is observed among patients, with some individuals showing higher CFF values than controls; B: Receiver operating characteristic curve for the detection of overt hepatic encephalopathy (n = 12). The area under the curve was 0.66 (95% confidence interval: 0.49-0.84, P = 0.0142), with an optimal cutoff for hepatic encephalopathy at 36.5 Hz. P values were determined using Tukey’s test. ALD: Alcohol-related liver disease; CFF: Critical flicker frequency. ^aP < 0.05, ^cP < 0.001.