Ambroxol mitigates cyclophosphamide-induced liver injury by suppressing TLR-4/NF-κB signaling and oxidative stress and upregulating cytoglobin, TXNRD1 and HMGB1

Figure 4 Ambroxol attenuated cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress. A-D: Ambroxol decreased hepatic malondialdehyde (A), and increased reduced glutathione (B), superoxide dismutase (C), and catalase (D) in cyclophosphamide (CP)-administered rats. Data are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 6). ^aP < 0.05 and ^cP < 0.001 vs control group, ^fP < 0.001 vs CP. MDA: Malondialdehyde; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; GSH: Reduced glutathione; ABX: Ambroxol; CP: Cyclophosphamide.