Sex based relative expression of estrogen receptors and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in liver affects hepatitis C virus viral pathogenesis

Table 2 Characteristics of the study population, mean ± SD

Characteristics	Normal (n = 36)		Cirrhosis (n = 32)		HCC (n = 23)		P value
	n	(%)	n	(%)	n	(%)
Age (year)
< 49	10	(27.8)	12	(37.5)	6	(26.1)	0.2593
50-59	15	(41.7)	17	(53.1)	10	(43.5)
≥ 60	11	(30.6)	3	(9.4)	7	(30.4)
Mean age (year)	52.0 ± 14.6		52.2 ± 6.8		55.5 ± 7.1		0.3087
Sex
Male	18	(50.0)	17	(53.1)	18	(78.3)	0.0765
Female	18	(50.0)	15	(46.9)	5	(21.7)
Race
White	18	(50.0)	22	(68.8)	15	(65.2)	0.4398
African American	2	(5.6)	1	(3.1)	2	(8.7)
Other/Unknown	16	(44.4)	9	(28.1)	6	(26.1)
Mean AST (U/L)			187.6 ± 389.3		114.2 ± 62.4		0.4542
Mean ALP (U/L)			158.5 ± 150.1		189.3 ± 110.4		0.0369
Mean total bilirubin (mg/dL)			8.6 ± 11.7		2.8 ± 6.8		< 0.0001
Mean creatinine (mg/dL)			1.8 ± 1.5		2.1 ± 2.9		0.3134
IFNL4-ΔG genotype
TT/TT	11	(30.6)	11	(34.4)	7	(30.4)	0.8405
ΔG/TT	18	(50.0)	13	(40.6)	9	(39.1)
ΔG/ΔG	6	(16.7)	5	(15.6)	6	(26.1)
Undetermined	1	(2.8)	3	(9.4)	1	(4.3)
IFNL4-ΔG allele frequency (%)	42.9		39.7		47.7

HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase.