Textbook outcome and associated risk factors in laparoscopic transcystic common bile duct exploration

Figure 1 Trocar position. A 1.5-2 cm infraumbilical incision was created to establish pneumoperitoneum at an intra-abdominal pressure of approximately 12 mmHg. A trocar, cannula, and laparoscope were inserted in sequence. Additional ports were introduced via puncture sites at the xiphoid process, 2 cm inferior to the right midclavicular line at the costal margin, and 2 cm below the right anterior axillary line at the costal margin.