Association of triglyceride-glucose index with long-term prognosis in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving immunotherapy and targeted therapy

doi:10.3748/wjg.v31.i30.109863

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Aug 14, 2025 (publication date) through Aug 22, 2025

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. Aug 14, 2025; 31(30): 109863
Published online Aug 14, 2025. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i30.109863

Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analyses of prognostic factors for overall survival

Factors	Univariate		Multivariate
Factors	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
AFP (≤ 1210 vs > 1210), ng/mL	2.15 (1.44-3.21)	< 0.001^a	1.51 (1.01-2.28)	0.046^a
Age (< 60 vs ≥ 60), years	1.14 (0.78-1.67)	0.507	-	-
ALT (≤ 40 vs > 40), U/L	1.11 (0.76-1.62)	0.575	-	-
BCLC stage (B vs C)	2.40 (1.62-3.53)	< 0.001^a	1.87 (1.25-2.80)	0.002^a
BMI (< 25 vs ≥ 25), kg/ m²	0.72 (0.44-1.19)	0.202	-	-
Child-Pugh score (B vs C)	1.02 (0.70-1.49)	0.906	-	-
Diabetes (yes vs no)	0.94 (0.56-1.58)	0.820	-	-
Cirrhosis (no vs yes)	1.29 (0.88-1.88)	0.189	-	-
ECOG (0-1 vs 2)	2.28 (1.52-3.42)	< 0.001^a	1.71 (1.12-2.61)	0.012^a
HBe (negative vs positive)	1.20 (0.81-1.79)	0.364	-	-
HBV-DNA (HBV ≤ 2000 vs HBV > 2000), IU/mL	1.01 (0.69-1.48)	0.954	-	-
Hypertensive (yes vs no)	0.97 (0.65-1.45)	0.887	-	-
PVTT (no vs yes)	1.37 (0.94-2.00)	0.101	-	-
Metastasis (no vs yes)	1.78 (1.21-2.62)	0.003^a	1.58 (1.07-2.33)	0.021^a
Sex (male vs female)	1.05 (0.72-1.53)	0.794	-	-
TyG index (high vs low)	0.37 (0.25-0.56)	< 0.001^a	0.48 (0.31-0.72)	< 0.001^a
Total bilirubin (≤ 34 vs > 34), μmol/L	1.23 (0.84-1.81)	0.286	-	-
Interventional (no vs yes)	1.09 (0.75-1.58)	0.666	-	-

^aP < 0.05.

HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; BCLC: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; BMI: Body mass index; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; HBe: Hepatitis B e; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; PVTT: Portal vein tumor thrombosis; TyG: Triglyceride-glucose.

Citation: Li GC, Yao ZY, Mao HS, Han ZX. Association of triglyceride-glucose index with long-term prognosis in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving immunotherapy and targeted therapy. World J Gastroenterol 2025; 31(30): 109863
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v31/i30/109863.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v31.i30.109863