Association of triglyceride-glucose index with long-term prognosis in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving immunotherapy and targeted therapy

doi:10.3748/wjg.v31.i30.109863

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Aug 14, 2025 (publication date) through Aug 13, 2025

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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World J Gastroenterol. Aug 14, 2025; 31(30): 109863
Published online Aug 14, 2025. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i30.109863

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses of prognostic factors for progression-free survival

Factors	Univariate		Multivariate
Factors	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
AFP (≤ 1210 vs > 1210), ng/mL	2.22 (1.50-3.29)	< 0.001^a	1.73 (1.15-2.62)	0.009^a
Age (< 60 vs ≥ 60), years	1.03 (0.71-1.50)	0.881	-	-
ALT (≤ 40 vs > 40), U/L	1.08 (0.74-1.56)	0.705	-	-
BCLC stage (B vs C)	2.35 (1.60-3.46)	< 0.001^a	1.97 (1.32-2.94)	< 0.001^a
BMI (< 25 vs ≥ 25), kg/m²	0.51 (0.29-0.89)	< 0.001^a	0.55 (0.37-0.83)	0.037^a
Child-Pugh score (C vs B)	0.94 (0.65-1.37)	0.757	-	-
Diabetes (no vs yes)	1.05 (0.63-1.73)	0.861	-	-
Cirrhosis (yes vs no)	0.82 (0.56-1.20)	0.308	-	-
ECOG (0-1 vs 2)	2.07 (1.40-3.08)	< 0.001^a	1.68 (1.11-2.53)	0.014^a
HBe (positive vs negative)	0.89 (0.59-1.35)	0.587	-	-
HBV-DNA (HBV ≤ 2000 vs HBV > 2000), IU/mL	1.05 (0.72-1.52)	0.802	-	-
Hypertensive (no vs yes)	1.06 (0.72-1.56)	0.777	-	-
PVTT (no vs yes)	1.27 (0.88-1.85)	0.203	-	-
Metastasis (no vs yes)	1.88 (1.28-2.74)	0.001^a	1.66 (1.13-2.45)	0.010^a
Sex (male vs female)	1.08 (0.74-1.56)	0.697	-	-
TyG index (high vs low)	0.45 (0.30-0.67)	< 0.001^a	0.55 (0.37-0.83)	0.005^a
Total bilirubin (> 34 vs ≤ 34), μmol/L	0.98 (0.67-1.45)	0.993	-	-
Interventional (no vs yes)	1.03 (0.71-1.50)	0.875	-	-

^aP < 0.05.

HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; BCLC: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; BMI: Body mass index; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; HBe: Hepatitis B e; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; PVTT: Portal vein tumor thrombosis; TyG: Triglyceride-glucose index.

Citation: Li GC, Yao ZY, Mao HS, Han ZX. Association of triglyceride-glucose index with long-term prognosis in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving immunotherapy and targeted therapy. World J Gastroenterol 2025; 31(30): 109863
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v31/i30/109863.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v31.i30.109863