Mechanism of action of heat-clearing and detoxifying herbs in the treatment of erosive gastritis

Table 3 Efficacy and mechanisms of action of heat-clearing and detoxifying traditional Chinese medicines and their active ingredients in the treatment of erosive gastritis

Herbs	Main ingredients	Efficacy	Action mechanisms	Common dosage (g)
Coptis chinensis[12]	Berberine, coptisine, etc.	Clearing heat, drying dampness, purging fire, and detoxification	Inhibit inflammatory signaling pathways, reduce the release of inflammatory factors, regulate gastric acid secretion, and protect the gastric mucosa	2-5
Scutellaria baicalensis[15]	Baicalin, baicalein, wogonin, etc.	Clearing heat, drying dampness, cooling blood, and detoxification	Inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators, exert antioxidant effects, scavenge free radicals, and alleviate oxidative damage to the gastric mucosa	3-9
Lonicera japonica[18]	Chlorogenic acid, luteolin, neochlorogenic acid, etc.	Clearing heat, detoxification, and dispersing wind-heat	Antioxidant, reduce free radical damage; luteolin inhibits inflammation and regulates immunity	10-15
Taraxacum mongolicum[21]	Taraxasterol, taraxacum saponins, etc.	Clearing heat, detoxification, reducing swelling, and dispersing nodules	Anti-inflammatory, reduce gastric mucosal congestion and edema, and promote digestion and absorption	10-15
Sophora flavescens[26]	Matrine, oxymatrine, etc.	Clearing heat, drying dampness, killing parasites, and promoting diuresis	Inhibit the infiltration of inflammatory cells and the release of inflammatory mediators, regulate immunity, and enhance resistance	3-9
Hedyotis diffusa[50]	Flavonoids, terpenoids, anthraquinones, etc.	Clearing heat, detoxification, promoting diuresis, and relieving stranguria	Antioxidant, protect gastric mucosal cells; regulate immunity; inhibit inflammatory responses; and promote gastric mucosal repair[51]	15-30
Isatis indigotica[52]	Indirubin, indigo, polysaccharides, etc.[10]	Clearing heat, detoxification, cooling blood, and relieving sore throat	Anti-inflammatory and antibacterial, regulate immunity, enhance antiviral and repair capabilities[53]	10-15
Patrinia scabiosaefolia[54]	Patrinoside, volatile oils, etc.	Clearing heat, detoxification, removing blood stasis, and discharging pus.	Anti-inflammatory and antibacterial, promote gastric mucosal repair, and regulate gastrointestinal function[55]	10-15