Cardiovascular risk assessment and predictors of cardiac decompensation after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in patients with cirrhosis

Table 2 Studies on predictors of cardiac decompensation in patients with cirrhosis post-transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt demographic data

Ref.	Age (median)	Sex (men %)	Creatinine (μmol/L)	1° cirrhosis aetiology	Child-Pugh A/B/C	MELD (MELD-Na)	TIPS indication	HF%	Cardiac disease
Ali et al[10]	58	66	97.3 (35.4-238.7)	Alcohol (39%)	A: 11%, B: 62%, C: 27%	15 (7-30)	Ref.A. (50%), V.B. (42%)	10	17%
Alla et al[40]	43		79.6 vs 159	Alcohol	7 ± 1.21	16 ± 5.3		22.2	66%
Billey et al[9]	69	79	89 ± 53	Alcohol (74%)	A: 25%, B: 66%, C: 9%	11.5 ± 4	Ref.A. (58%), pre-op (23%), V.B. (19%)	20	28% include AS: 10%
Filì et al[43]	54	80	79.6 vs 97.3	Viral (73.3% +)	A: 0%, B: 46%, C: 53.3%	14.3 ± 4	Ref.A. (100%)	0	Excluded
Laurenzano et al[39]	58	60		Alcohol (31%)		13.1 (9.7-16.7)	Ref.A. (39%), V.B. (33%), H.H. (12%)	8.8	Excluded
Luo et al[44]				Viral (56.4%)			V.B. (80.7%)	0	Excluded
Modha et al[45]	58	52	115 ± 94	MAFL (35.4%)	A: 20.8%, B: 66.7%, C: 12.5%	12.0 ± 4.7	Ref.A. (47.9%), V.B. (31.3%)	0.9	25.90%
Nguyen et al[47]						21 vs 17		11.7
Schneider et al[11]	59	59	100 (57.8-135.3)	Alcohol (58.1%)	A: 9.4%, B: 81.2%, C: 9.4%	12 (10-15)	Ref.A. (82.9%), V.B. (20.5%)	18	39.7% include AS: 8.2%
Vanderschueren et al[41]	63	69.8	93.73 (64.6-115)	Alcohol (72.6%)	8 (7.0-9.2)	12.3 (10.2-16.5)	Ref.A. (58.5%), V.B. (41.5%)	11.3	Yes, unclear
Venner et al[46]	64 vs 57						Ref.A. (50%), V.B. (40%), H.H. (6%)	44
Debernardi Venon et al[49]	59	79	113.2 ± 5.3	Alcohol (49%)	A: 0, B: 84%, C: 16%	13.7 ± 0.55	Ref.A. (100%)	3	Excluded
Wade et al[48]						13.5 vs 17.1		14

Ref.A.: Refractory ascites; V.B.: Variceal bleeding; H.H.: Hepatic hydrothorax; TIPS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; MELD-Na: Model for end-stage liver disease incorporating serum sodium; HF: Heart failure; MAFL: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease. Studies reporting “excluded” under cardiac disease excluded patients with pre-existing or clinically overt cardiac dysfunction from inclusion. Percentages reflect proportions within each study cohort.