Multi-omics analysis reveals gut microbiota-metabolite interactions and their association with liver function in autoimmune overlap syndrome

doi:10.3748/wjg.v31.i25.106371

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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World J Gastroenterol. Jul 7, 2025; 31(25): 106371
Published online Jul 7, 2025. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i25.106371

Table 1 Demographic and clinical data of patients in the study

Characteristic	PBC (n = 16)	AIH (n = 9)	OS (n = 7)
Age (years)	58.00 (42.25-61.00)	52.00 (28.00-57.50)	57.00 (42.00-60.00)
Sex (male/female)	2/14	1/8	1/6
RBC (× 10¹²/L)	3.89 (3.67-4.04)	3.98 (3.32-5.19)	4.40 (4.23-4.55)^a
WBC (× 10⁹/L)	4.17 (3.05-5.73)	4.74 (3.58-6.69)	6.09 (4.75-8.37)^a
PLT (× 10⁹/L)	138.50 (46.00-219.00)	132.00 (60.00-245.00)	181.00 (111.00-281.00)
ALT (IU/L)	57.50 (31.75-76.00)	109.00 (39.00-275.00)	82.00 (16.00-259.00)
AST (IU/L)	95.00 (63.00-126.00)	97.00 (39.00-275.00)	52.00 (49.00-199.00)
TBIL (μmol/L)	35.05 (24.80-49.60)	31.60 (16.85-54.95)	30.80 (19.50-33.90)
GGT (IU/L)	190.50 (93.75-485.00)	66.00 (57.00-132.5)	186.00 (29.00-494.00)
ALP (IU/L)	324 (176.50-583.00)	138.00 (94.00-294.50)	216.00 (90.00-310.00)
ALB (g/dL)	37.9 (32.68-45.00)	38.40 (26.20-42.70)	37.30 (34.50-46.80)
TG (mmol/L)	0.97 (0.76-1.24)	1.27 (0.73-1.70)	1.02 (0.64-1.36)
CHOL (mmol/L)	4.63 (3.59-8.12)	4.48 (2.94-5.49)	5.14 (4.03-7.22)
TBIL (μmol/L)	35.05 (24.8-49.6)	31.60 (16.85-54.95)	30.80 (19.50-33.90)
INR	1.04 (0.98-1.13)	1.13 (1.05-1.24)	1.00 (0.91-1.14)
IGA (mg/dL)	3.59 (3.17-4.40)	2.49 (2.12-3.91)	3.50 (2.70-7.87)
IGG (mg/dL)	16.85 (14.63-20.70)	16.00 (15.00-29.55)	17.05 (13.80-18.10)
IGM (mg/dL)	4.45 (2.75-5.26)	1.34 (0.83-2.38)	1.85 (1.06-4.48)
ANA (positive/total)	16/16	8/9	6/7
AMA (positive/total)	12/16	2/9	5/7
ACA (positive/total)	4/16	1/9	1/7

^aP < 0.05.

P vs primary biliary cholangitis. PBC: Primary biliary cholangitis; AIH: Autoimmune hepatitis; OS: Overlap syndrome; RBC: Red blood cell; WBC: White blood cell; PLT: Platelets; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; TBIL: Total bilirubin; ALB: Albumin; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; TG: Triglyceride; CHOL: Cholesterol; INR: International normalized ratio; IGA: Immunoglobulin A; IGG: Immunoglobulin G; IGM: Immunoglobulin M; ANA: Antinuclear antibody; AMA: Antimitochondrial antibody; ACA: Anticardiolipin antibody.

Citation: Wang Q, Sun LN, Shi H, Ma XY, Gao W, Xu B, Lin X, Liu YM, Huang CY, Jin RH. Multi-omics analysis reveals gut microbiota-metabolite interactions and their association with liver function in autoimmune overlap syndrome. World J Gastroenterol 2025; 31(25): 106371
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v31/i25/106371.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v31.i25.106371