Interventional effect of hesperetin on N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced exosomal circ008274 in affecting normal cells to promote gastric carcinogenesis

Figure 1 N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced malignant transformation of GES-1 cells. A: Cell Counting Kit-8 detection of the proliferative capacity of GES-1 cells following chronic N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) exposure across 30 generations; B: Changes in the clonogenic capacity of MNNG-treated GES-1 cells; C: Alterations in the migratory invasive capacities of MNNG-treated GES-1 cells; D: Protein levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), stemness, and proliferative markers; E: mRNA levels of EMT, stemness, and proliferative markers. ^bP < 0.01. ^cP < 0.001. ^dP < 0.0001. GAPDH: Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; OD: Optical density.