Peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia and patients with normal lower-esophageal-sphincter integrated relaxation pressure: A propensity-score-matched retrospective study

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the two groups, n (%)

	Normal LES-IRP group (n = 71)	Increased LES-IRP group (n = 410)	P value
Sex, male/female (n)	37/34	172/238	0.111
Age, median (Q1-Q3) (years)	45.0 (35.0-57.0)	43.0 (33.0-54.0)	0.134
BMI, median (Q1-Q3) (kg/m2)	21.5 (19.1-23.8)	20.9 (19.2-23.7)	0.543
Duration of symptoms, median (Q1-Q3) (months)	72.0 (24.0-180.0)	36.0 (24.0-84.0)	0.006
Previous treatment	21 (29.5)	59 (14.4)	0.002
Balloon dilation	10 (14.1)	30 (7.3)
Botox injection	2 (2.8)	16 (3.9)
Temporary stenting	1 (1.4)	6 (1.5)
Heller myotomy	4 (5.6)	2 (0.5)
POEM	1 (1.4)	2 (0.5)
Balloon dilation + botox injection	1 (1.4)	2 (0.5)
Balloon dilation + temporary stenting	2 (2.8)	1 (0.2)
Pre-treatment HRM
LES basal pressure, median (Q1-Q3) (mmHg)	14.8 (12.0-20.3)	32.3 (23.7-41.8)	0.000
LES-IRP, median (Q1-Q3) (mmHg)	11.4 (9.2-12.5)	25.7 (20.3-32.3)	0.000
Ling classification			0.014
Type Ling I	7 (9.9)	84 (20.5)
Type Ling IIa	21 (29.6)	142 (34.6)
Type Ling IIb	17 (23.9)	105 (25.6)
Type Ling IIc	22 (31.0)	66 (16.1)
Type Ling III	4 (5.6)	13 (3.2)

Data were expressed as median (Q1-Q3) or n (%). Continuous variables were compared by Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical variables were compared by χ² test or Fisher exact test. Q1: First quartile; Q3: Third quartile; BMI: Body mass index; HRM: High-resolution manometry; LES: Lower esophageal sphincter; LES-IRP: Lower esophageal sphincter integrated relaxation pressure; POEM: Peroral endoscopic myotomy; HRM: High-resolution manometry.