Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with PD-1 inhibitors and Lenvatinib for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus

Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of patients

Characteristic	PTL (n = 18)	TL (n = 23)	P value
Mean age, yr ± SD	56.9 ± 8.1	58.1 ± 9.4	0.307
Gender, n ()			0.690
Male	15 (83.3)	18 (78.3)
Female	3 (16.7)	5 (21.7)
Weight, n (%)			0.794
< 60 kg	7 (38.9)	8 (34.8)
≥ 60 kg	11 (61.1)	15 (65.2)
Etiology, n (%)			0.447
HBV	16 (88.9)	22 (95.7)
Others	2 (11.1)	1 (4.3)
ECOG-PS, n (%)			0.586
0	7 (38.9)	7 (30.4)
1	11 (61.1)	16 (69.6)
Child-Pugh class, n (%)			0.209
A	18 (100)	21 (91.3)
B	0 (0)	2 (8.7)
AFP, n (%)			0.273
< 400 ng/mL	7 (38.9)	13 (56.5)
≥ 400 ng/mL	11 (61.1)	10 (43.5)
Liver cirrhosis, n (%)			0.328
Absent	0 (0)	1 (4.3)
Present	18 (100)	22 (95.7)
Extrahepatic metastasis, n (%)			0.096
Absent	14 (77.8)	12 (52.2)
Present	4 (22.2)	11 (47.8)
Size of largest nodule, n (%)			0.855
< 5 cm	2 (11.1)	3 (13.0)
≥ 5 cm	16 (88.9)	20 (87.0)
Tumor thrombus			0.373
Branch of portal vein	8 (44.4)	7 (30.4)
Main portal vein and vena cava	10 (55.6)	16 (69.6)
Tumor number			0.415
Solitary	1 (5.6)	3 (13.0)
Multiple	17 (94.4)	20 (87.0)
ALB			0.740
> 3.5 g/dL	8 (44.4)	9 (39.1)
≤ 3.5 g/dL	10 (55.6)	14 (60.9)
Treatment history
Surgery	0 (0)	0 (0)	-
RFA	2 (11.1)	3 (13.0)	0.856
TACE			0.123
1-2	15 (83.3)	14 (60.9)
> 2	3 (16.7)	9 (39.1)
ALT (U/L)	65.8 ± 80.6	45.2 ± 26.6	0.835
AST (U/L)	73.6 ± 74.5	68.5 ± 46.5	0.386
TBIL (mg/dl)	18.8 ± 7.0	17.2 ± 8.9	0.780
PT(s)	12.7 ± 1.2	13.1 ± 1.3	0.988
PTA(s)	83.2 ± 12.6	83.7 ± 11.3	0.640

PTL: PD-1 inhibitor/transcatheter arterial chemoembolization/Lenvatinib; TL: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization/Lenvatinib; HBV: Hepatitis B Virus; ECOG-PS: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-performance status; AFP: Alpha fetoprotein; ALB: Albumin; TACE: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization; ATL: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; TBIL: Total bilirubin; PT: Prothrombin time; PTA: Prothrombin activity.