Prevalence and associated risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in community households in Lanzhou city

Table 1 Demographic information and Helicobacter pylori infection status of enrolled individuals, n (%)

Variables	H. pylori-infected1	H. pylori uninfected	aP value	New H. pylori-infected2	New H. pylori uninfected	bP value
Gender
Female	105 (47.3)	117 (52.7)		18 (18.0)	82 (82.0)
Male	139 (46.8)	158 (53.2)	0.829	37 (26.2)	104 (73.8)	0.100
Age (years)
≤ 18	14 (25.5)	41 (74.5)		5 (13.5)	32 (86.5)
≤ 39	79 (46.2)	92 (53.8)	0.010	19 (23.5)	62 (76.5)	0.251
≤ 59	77 (49.0)	80 (51.0)	0.004	18 (25.0)	54 (75.0)	0.167
≥ 60	74 (54.4)	62 (45.6)	0.001	13 (25.5)	38 (74.5)	0.233
Body mass index (kg/m2)
< 18.5	15 (29.4)	36 (70.6)		3 (9.1)	30 (90.0)
18.5-23.9	132 (46.6)	151 (53.4)	0.034	30 (23.3)	99 (76.7)	0.105
24-27.9	76 (50.7)	74 (49.3)	0.017	18 (26.9)	49 (73.1)	0.048
> 28	21 (60.0)	14 (40.0)	0.011	4 (33.3)	8 (66.7)	0.117
Nationality
The Han nationality	238 (46.9)	269 (53.1)		49 (20.0)	186 (79.1)
Others	6 (50.0)	6 (50.0)	0.721	6 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	0.986
Marital status
Unmarried	46 (40.0)	69 (60.0)		11 (17.7)	51 (82.3)
Married	198 (49.0)	206 (51.0)	0.127	44 (24.6)	135 (75.4)	0.248
Education level
Junior high school and below	65 (47.1)	73 (52.9)		16 (24.6)	49 (75.4)
High school or technical school	59 (47.2)	66 (52.8)	0.994	14 (25.0)	42 (75.0)	0.757
Junior college	59 (47.2)	66 (52.8)	0.790	15 (25.4)	44 (74.6)	0.977
College and above	61 (46.6)	70 (53.4)	0.975	10 (16.4)	51 (83.6)	0.295
Occupation
Blue collar	46 (43.8)	59 (56.2)		18 (32.7)	37 (67.3)
White collar	78 (45.3)	94 (54.7)	0.765	15 (19.2)	63 (80.8)	0.116
Student	14 (26.9)	38 (73.1)	0.057	4 (11.8)	30 (88.2)	0.057
Unemployed people	106 (55.8)	84 (44.2)	0.069	18 (24.3)	56 (75.7)	0.494
Family size
2	103 (54.8)	85 (45.2)		14 (17.7)	65 (82.3)
3	82 (42.7)	110 (57.3)	0.035	18 (18.8)	78 (81.3)	0.952
Four and above	59 (42.4)	80 (57.6)	0.049	23 (34.8)	43 (65.2)	0.088
Family structure3
Couple's family	62 (54.4)	52 (45.6)		5 (10.4)	43 (89.6)
Nuclear family	35 (40.2)	52 (59.8)	0.081	6 (13.6)	38 (86.4)	0.795
Immediate family	51 (45.5)	61 (54.5)	0.243	12 (25.5)	35 (74.5)	0.149
United States family	34 (47.9)	37 (52.1)	0.433	10 (28.6)	25 (71.4)	0.109
Others	62 (45.9)	73 (54.1)	0.270	22 (32.8)	45 (67.2)	0.022
Household income (renminbi)
< 10000	62 (48.1)	67 (51.9)		9 (15.5)	49 (84.5)
10000-30000	78 (52.0)	72 (48.0)	0.569	19 (29.7)	45 (70.3)	0.158
> 30000	104 (43.3)	136 (56.7)	0.466	27 (22.7)	92 (77.3)	0.567
Annual household living area (m2)
≤ 30	51 (46.4)	59 (53.6)		8 (15.1)	45 (84.9)
30-60	88 (47.6)	97 (52.4)	0.810	18 (20.7)	69 (79.3)	0.422
≥ 60	105 (46.9)	119 (53.1)	0.822	29 (28.7)	72 (71.3)	0.092

^aP value was calculated by univariate logistic regression of the infected individuals, P < 0.05 indicates that infection risk increased/decreased significantly compared with the reference groups.

^bP value was calculated by univariate logistic regression of the new infected individuals, P < 0.05 indicates that new infection risk increased/decreased significantly compared with the reference groups.

¹H. pylori-infected: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-infected individuals were infected in 2021.

²New H. pylori-infected: New H. pylori-infected individuals were not infected in 2021 but were infected in 2023.

³Family structure refers to the relationships between the family members who make up the family. The couple's family is composed of only two individuals: A husband and a wife. The nuclear family is a family composed of parents and unmarried children. Immediate family is a family consisting of two or more generations of married couples, with no more than one couple per generation and no intergenerational gap between them. A United States family refers to a family in which any generation contains two or more couples. Others include single-parent families, intergenerational families, cohabiting families, homosexual families, and single families.

H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori.