Immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Current status and future perspectives

Table 2 Advantages and disadvantages of vaccination strategies used in hepatocellular carcinoma

Vaccine type	Advantages	Disadvantages
Peptides	Easy to prepare; known target Ag	Adjuvants are needed; restricted Ag repertoire; restriction to human leukocyte Ag
Dendritic cells	Adjuvants are not needed	Individualized production
Peptide pulsed	Known target Ag	Restriction to human leukocyte Ag; restricted Ag repertoire
Protein pulsed	No restriction to human leukocyte Ag; known target Ag	Protein synthesis is more interesting; restricted Ag repertoire
Tumor lysate pulsed	Not human leukocyte Ag restricted full Ag repertoire; available	Tumor samples not always available; the predominance of self-Ags that may eclipse tumor Ags
Cell line pulsed	Not human leukocyte Ag restricted; unlimited Ag source	Responses against cell line-specific Ag

Ag: Antigen.