Risk factors and a predictive nomogram for lymph node metastasis in superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Table 3 Multivariate logistic analysis of risk factors for lymph node metastasis in superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Factors	Training set			Validation set
	OR	95%CI	P value	OR	95%CI	P value
Tumor size (cm)	1.365	1.081-1.723	0.009	1.750	1.139-2.688	0.011
Invasive depth
MM	Reference			Reference
SM1	3.774	0.907-15.696	0.068	2.474	0.325-18.856	0.382
> SM1	15.517	4.707-51.158	0.001	11.031	2.463-49.401	0.002
Tumor differentiation
Well or cis	Reference			Reference
Moderate	2.423	0.807-9.451	0.072	0.715	0.179-2.856	0.635
Poor	3.670	1.465-9.198	0.006	4.078	0.977-17.026	0.054
INF pattern
INF-a	Reference			Reference
INF-b	3.205	1.637-6.274	0.001	3.262	1.114-9.552	0.031
INF-c	4.121	1.566-10.843	0.004	6.360	1.623-24.922	0.008
Tumor budding
Low	2.114	0.875-5.108	0.096	3.815	0.978-14.813	0.054
High	3.905	1.387-10.995	0.010	4.769	1.315-17.290	0.017
No	Reference			Reference
LVI
No	Reference			Reference
Yes	3.767	1.422-9.979	0.008	4.408	1.346-14.438	0.014

MM: Muscularis mucosae; SM1: Upper third of submucosa; INF pattern: Infiltrative growth pattern; LVI: Lymphovascular invasion.