Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 28, 2023; 29(4): 706-730
Published online Jan 28, 2023. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i4.706
Table 11 Economic analysis of carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, and carbohydrate antigen 72-4 in several situations for gastrointestinal cancers

Cut-off value
Proportion of endoscopy
Missed diagnosis rate
Total cost ($)
Cost per capita ($)
Total C/E ($)
C/E per capita ($)
Remarks
Non-blood test-1.000 0.000 3574.3 146.9 3574.3 146.9 Gold standard
CEA (μg/L)0.0 1.000 0.000 3691.9 151.7 3691.9 151.7 Lowest cut-off value
2.5 0.230 0.451 1718.1 38.7 3130.1 70.6 Highest youden index
4.3 0.065 0.642 990.0 14.6 2767.1 40.7 Lowest total cost-effectiveness ratio
5.0 0.049 0.674 903.1 12.1 2770.9 37.1 Traditional diagnostic cut-off value
8.7 0.020 0.759 783.9 7.8 3246.2 32.2 Lowest total cost & lowest cost-effectiveness ratio per capita
CA19-9 (kU/L)0.0 1.000 0.000 3755.4 154.3 3755.4 154.3 Lowest cut-off value & lowest total cost-effectiveness ratio
20.0 0.121 0.665 1836.7 25.3 5485.7 75.5 Highest youden index
36.9 0.033 0.787 1398.5 12.2 6578.5 57.5 Lowest total cost & lowest cost-effectiveness ratio per capita
37.0 0.032 0.789 1405.2 12.2 6656.1 57.7 Traditional diagnostic cut-off value
CA72-4 (kU/L)0.0 1.000 0.000 3755.4 154.3 3755.4 154.3 Lowest cut-off value & lowest total cost-effectiveness ratio
3.4 0.231 0.623 2670.7 41.4 7083.5 109.7 Highest youden index
6.0 0.126 0.756 2584.5 25.9 10605.1 106.2 Traditional diagnostic cut-off value
10.5 0.064 0.833 2451.6 16.8 14709.6 100.7 Lowest total cost & lowest cost-effectiveness ratio per capita
CEA5.0 0.069 0.601 1365.1 22.4 3419.2 56.1 Traditional diagnostic cut-off value in parallel
CA19-937.0
CEA6.9 0.036 0.676 1309.0 17.4 4034.6 53.8 Lowest cut-off value & lowest total cost-effectiveness ratio in parallel
CA19-969.2
CEA3.9 0.098 0.554 1455.6 26.7 3264.3 59.8 Lowest total cost-effectiveness ratio in parallel
CA19-938.1
CEA5.0 0.012 0.862 2433.3 13.8 17661.0 100.0 Traditional diagnostic cut-off value in serial
CA19-937.0
CEA5.4 0.042 0.689 1437.7 18.4 4621.3 59.1 Lowest cut-off value & lowest total cost-effectiveness ratio in serial
CA19-90.0
CEA2.1 0.335 0.361 2339.4 61.4 3659.5 96.1 Lowest total cost-effectiveness ratio in serial
CA19-90.0
CEA5.0 0.044 0.666 1362.9 18.7 4079.6 56.0 Traditional diagnostic cut-off value in the logistic model
CA19-937.0
CEA4.9 0.052 0.641 1341.0 19.8 3732.7 55.1 Lowest cut-off value & lowest total cost-effectiveness ratio in the logistic model
CA19-923.2
CEA2.0 0.213 0.436 1874.8 43.5 3321.5 77.0 Lowest total cost-effectiveness ratio in the logistic model
CA19-933.5