Bile acids and their receptors: Potential therapeutic targets in inflammatory bowel disease

doi:10.3748/wjg.v29.i27.4252

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Jul 21, 2023 (publication date) through May 14, 2024

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. Jul 21, 2023; 29(27): 4252-4270
Published online Jul 21, 2023. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i27.4252

Table 1 Nuclear and membrane receptors of bile acids

Bile acid receptor	Abbreviation	Type	Bile acid agonists	Main tissue distribution
Farnesol X receptor	FXR	Nuclear hormone receptor	CDCA > DCA > LCA > CA	Intestinal epithelial cells, hepatocytes
Retinoid-related orphan receptor γt	RORγt	Nuclear hormone receptor	3oxo-LCA, isoLCA	Th17 cells, ILC3 and γδT cells
G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1	GPBAR1 or TGR5	Membrane-bound receptor	LCA > DCA > CDCA > UDCA > CA	Epithelial cells, immune cells, and intestinal nerves in the gut and biliary tract
Vitamin D receptor	VDR	Nuclear hormone receptor	LCA, 3-oxoLCA, and isoalloLCA	Intestinal epithelial cells
Pregnane X receptor	PXR	Nuclear hormone receptor	CDCA, LCA	Intestinal epithelial cells, hepatocytes
Costitutive androstane receptor	CAR	Nuclear hormone receptor	CDCA, LCA	Hepatocytes
Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2	S1PR2	Membrane-bound receptor	GCA, TCA, GCDCA and TCDCA	Intestinal epithelial cells, hepatocytes

DCA: Deoxycholic acid; LCA: Lithocholic acid; CA: Cholic acid; CDCA: Chenodeoxycholic acid; isoLCA: Isolithocholic acid; isoalloLCA: Isoallolithocholic acid; 3-oxoLCA: 3-oxolithocholic acid; FXR: Farnesoid X receptor; GPABR1: G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1; PXR: Pregnane X receptor; VDR: Vitamin D receptor; RORγt: Retinoid-related orphan receptor γt; CAR: Costitutive androstane receptor; S1PR2: Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2; GCA: Glycocholic acid; TCA: Taurocholic acid; GCDCA: Glycochenodeoxycholic acid; TCDCA: Taurochenodeoxycholic acid.

Citation: Long XQ, Liu MZ, Liu ZH, Xia LZ, Lu SP, Xu XP, Wu MH. Bile acids and their receptors: Potential therapeutic targets in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29(27): 4252-4270
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v29/i27/4252.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v29.i27.4252