Impact of COVID-19 in individuals with and without pre-existent digestive disorders with a particular focus on elderly patients

Table 1 Overview of studies evaluating the course of gastrointestinal symptoms during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in the elderly population

Ref.	n	Age (yrs)	GI symptoms	Diarrhoea	Nausea/vomiting	Anorexia	Abdominal pain	Outcomes
de Souza et al[32]	9807	70.21 ± 8	-	2%	-	-	-	No association
Ramos-Rincon et al[34]	2772	86.3 ± 3	-	14%	5%	22%	-	No association
Marziliano et al[33]	4961	77 ± 8	9%	-	-	-	-	No association
Atalla et al[37]	111	87.0 median (IQR: 77.0-92.0)		7% (38% all ages)	2%	17% (61% all ages)	-	Mortality was associated with a disease course beginning with a loss of appetite, and the incidence of diarrhea was more frequent in the deceased
Lanthier et al[35]	50	88 median (IQR: 83-92)	30%	24%	6%	10%	6%	Digestive symptoms were associated with a favorable outcome
Aroniadis et al[9]	434	Age > 70	31%	19%	-	-	-	Older patients were less likely to exhibit gastrointestinal symptoms
Zhan et al[23]	39	Age > 75	36%	-	-	-	-	No association
Vrillon et al[36]	76	90 median (IQR: 86-92)	22%	-	-	-	-	Digestive symptoms were associated with a favorable outcome

The sample’s age was expressed either by the mean or the median in the studies analyzed. For some non-specific studies performed on older people, only the characteristics of the population mentioned above have been shown in the table. However, some of these have yet to express a category-specific significant trend measure. For example, the relationship between the course of the infection and the outcome was reported in the last column. SD: Standard deviation; IQR: Interquartile range; GI: Gastrointestinal.