Endoscopic ultrasound guided radiofrequency ablation for pancreatic tumors: A critical review focusing on safety, efficacy and controversies

Table 4 Pooled analysis of the adverse events

EUS-guided RFA for	Procedure-related adverse events according to ASGE[9]1
	Mild, n (%)	Moderate, n (%)	Severe, n (%)	Mortality, n (%)
Neuroendocrine neoplasms EUS-RFA sessions = 114	11 (9.6)	13 (11.4)	1 (0.9)	1 (0.9)
Adenocarcinoma EUS-RFA sessions = 223	26 (11.6)	3 (1.3)	0	0
Cystic tumors EUS-RFA sessions = 44	3 (6.8)	0	1 (2.3)	0
Pooled data	40 (10.5)	16 (4.2)	2 (0.5)	1 (0.26)

¹Overall, 380 EUS-RFA sessions performed for all pancreatic tumors.

ASGE: American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy; EUS-RFA: Endoscopic ultrasound-radiofrequency ablation.